Perhaps a door was closed on the speaker’s face, cutting off her sentence. But instead of eating the period, the em dash will completely bail when they’re about to meet up. A dash is longer than a hyphen and is commonly used to indicate a range or a pause. Fig. April 5–June 4. Example. k. The em dash is also used for denoting an incomplete speech. The en dash (–) is one-half the width of an em. Hold down. drutgat • 2 yr. And be careful to not mix different punctuation marks. The report covers the period 1998–1999. When interrupters fall midsentence, always use a pair of punctuation marks to surround them. Em dashes can be used to. The Mac command to make an em dash. In addition, write the punctuation mark next to your translation. The standard English punctuation is as follows: period, comma, apostrophe, quotation, question, exclamation, brackets, braces, parenthesis, dash, hyphen, ellipsis, colon, semicolon. In Word, you’ll hold down Shift+ Option+minus rather than the Ctrl+Alt+minus mentioned above. • Dashes are often used to introduce an abrupt change of thought, while parentheses add information. The longer em dash (—) is used to separate extra information or mark a break in a sentence. The San Diego–Las Vegas flight is on time. I wasn’t exaggerating when I said the em-dash was versatile—it can even take the place of the semicolon. The em is the longest in the dash suite. Microsoft Word shows the em dash as soon you press enter after finishing the. It indicates that the width of a printed matter is equal to its point size or height. For example, with mo—n for 'more than', the dash is likely to be written at x-height. as you would the phrase and the rest. m. The patient reported taking 15 (?) milligrams of alprazolam. Em dashes can also signal an interruption or a sudden change in the direction a writer was heading with a particular sentence. I wasn’t exaggerating when I said the em-dash was versatile—it can even take the place of the semicolon. The em dash is a more emphatic substitute for the comma, colon, or parentheses and can be used to indicate omitted words. So I wouldn't say that the dash as an actor can perform the same roles as terminal punctuation, as periods or question marks or exclamation points, but. The word-processing program may form this automatically when two hyphens are typed together. In British usage, we use only a single hyphen to. There is no piece of punctuation that means pause. Hold down the Alt key, press 0 1 5 1 on the numeric pad, and then release the Alt key. A hyphen (-) is shorter still. Style guides often let you skip them. Check out all the nuances of this tricky punctuation mark. Uses of the Question Mark; Quiz: Uses of the Question Mark; Problems with Question Marks; Quiz: Problems with Question Marks; Uses of the Exclamation Mark; Quiz: Uses of the Exclamation Mark; Problems with Exclamation Marks; Quiz: Problems with Exclamation Marks; What Are Commas, Semicolons, and Colons; Uses of the Comma; Quiz: Uses of. Em dash is an impressively versatile punctuation mark that can take the place of commas, parentheses, or colons, depending on the context. Formally, this job is reserved for the em dash, but there is some leniency in use depending on the publisher. It can function like a comma, parenthesis, or colon. The Spanish names for the hyphen, en-dash and em-dash are guión, semiraya o raya menor, and raya, respectively. Use an En dash as a replacement for the word ‘to’ or to denote a range of numbers. However, there is a specific use native speakers give to this Spanish punctuation mark: in emails or letters, greetings are written using colons, whereas in English you usually use a comma unless you’re being very formal. 51). Interjections can stand alone as minor sentences, punctuated with a period, exclamation point, or question mark. En dashes are incredibly useful punctuation marks, used to add extra emphasis to a sentence or statement. . The general rule is that a sentence ends with only one terminal punctuation mark. immediately recalled the books. Dash. F. An en dash is. The sixth edition recommended an unspaced em dash for these purposes. The Chicago Manual of Style says that “periods and commas precede closing quotation marks. Comillas españolas (Angle Quotes) and Comillas inglesas (Quotation Marks) Where to Practice Using Spanish Punctuation; Find and Correct the Mistakes in the Following. To create an em-dash on a Windows computer, hold down the [Alt] key and type 0151 on the numeric keypad. QUESTION MARK U+003F: Po, other Common @ COMMERCIAL AT U+0040: Po, other Common REVERSE SOLIDUS U+005C: Po,. I believe you can also type a space before typing the quote, then delete the space. Google Docs: Type two hyphens in a row (it will become an en dash) If you’re using Microsoft Word, you can use autoformat to create an en dash. 1986–1998Tip. Example: “I didn’t say—”. 5. U+1F67D. The president’s speech both began and ended with the word “freedom. Adashisthe punctuation name for a mark that used to separate words into statements. An em dash represents a longer pause—a bigger break—than a comma. In fact, the em dash is named after its length—it’s. These dashes differ not only in their length but also in the function they perform in a sentence. The word is usually spelled ether in all main varieties of modern English. When you type the hyphen, en dash, and em dash, no spaces should appear on either side of the punctuation mark. Commas allow for a smoother read than dashes, which interrupt the sentence to draw the reader’s attention. The em dash is the chameleon of punctuation marks. Type another word. Use em dashes instead of commas and parentheses if you want to make information stand out. En and em dashes are longer than the hyphen. So, if a symbol is to be used, Chicago (at least implicitly) says it should be an em dash without a space. Quotation marks may be used to indicate that the. Translation. –8:30 p. Punctuation Marks Wheel : This 2-page print-out makes a punctuation marks wheel; it consists of a base page together with a wheel that spins around. On a typewriter, a comma or a period takes the same amount of space as any other letter. Comments. An em dash is longer than the en. The Dash. First, one is longer: The em dash (—) → which is like two hyphens joined together. “November Cotton Flower” by Jean. For degrees, use a space between the en dash and the degree and the emphasis. The em dash “—” and the en dash “–” are the two most popular dash forms. Dashes are used to separate groups of words, not to separate parts of words like a hyphen does. ”. Here are some rules for how to use interrupters. The en-dash – so named because (you guessed it) it’s the width of the skinnier letter n – is the shorter of the two. The em dash does not mean pause. Type a single dash or hyphen. Dashes are used in the following five ways: To show in ranges for numbers or dates (e. You would simply end the line of dialogue, have a sentence of narration, and then have a new line of dialogue, even if it's the same speaker continuing. An em dash is preferred to divide elements within a sentence and pack a punch. Otherwise, confusion rather than clarity is likely. To create interrupted dialogue that everyone will recognize as such, use an em-dash where you want to end the dialogue. Several options will pop up, including the em dash. 89), would be to only use an em dash after a period if the period marked an abbreviation: An em dash derives its name from being the approximate width of a capital M. The em dash (—) is a versatile punctuation mark used to enhance the readability and clarity of written text. To Indicate Interruption in Dialogue, Use An Em-Dash. The text won't look as good, but realistically, most people won't notice. Actual output : 1993 1995 Expected output : 1993 – 1995 I have done the UTF-8 encoding in Java but still getting the same output in the excel. They are useful for emotionally-loaded dialogue interruption, because emotions act quickly on the brain. So, they cannot be linked by comma (Commas are only used to link a dependent and an independent clause). “This is my book,” said María calmly. Em dashes can be used similarly to parentheses and commas, however, they are usually considered. 6. Note, however, that if the quoted material itself ends with a question mark or exclamation point, the. An em dash (—) is the longest of the three dashes and can be used to set off a break in the sentence, as well as add emphasis. Then, after you press the space bar after the word after the dash, most word processing programs will turn those two little hyphens‐‐into an em dash—like so. The raya is used to clarify something, in a similar way to parentheses. However, the semicolon, colon, dash, question mark, and exclamation point fall outside of the quotation marks (unless, of course, the quoted material has internal punctuation of its own). (The exclamation point, like the question mark [see 8. But the most important use of dashes in dialogue is to show one speaker interrupting another. A period may precede an em dash if it is part of an abbreviation (see also 14. Here, the em dash creates a break and adds emphasis. 4. ] There’s even more explanation: If the break belongs to the surrounding sentence rather than to the quoted material, the em dashes must appear outside the quotation marks. What you read in the Diccionario panhispánico de dudas is correct: only parenthetical remarks and dialogues are correct uses of the em-dash in Spanish. At the two corresponding places you will find the upside down exclamation resp. However, I can't recall an em dash being used according to your first case in modern publishing. Aether (or æther) is an obsolete spelling of the noun with various definitions relating to air, chemical compounds, and nonexistent clear elements filling outer space. An en dash is. I am thinking the product_code value may actually contain an -en-dash- or an -em-dash- or something other than 0x2D that is getting displayed correctly (somehow) with the combination of CubeCart, PHP, the web server and the web browser. Do not use the first one to mean a dash; it never does. 1. An ellipsis is a punctuation mark consisting of three periods in a row. ”. Dashes and hyphens. -Em dashes mark an interruption or break in thought. “A dash is a mark of separation stronger than a comma, less formal than a colon, and more relaxed than parentheses. An en dash is always used without any space before or after it. Among the 16 most commonly used punctuation marks are the period, question mark, exclamation point, and comma. Below is a list of punctuation marks written in English; translate each term into French. The following example from Toni Morrison’s Beloved shows both uses: “Nothing bad can happen to her. Most authorities, including The Chicago. Upon firing the company’s non-salaried employees—and. Treat etc. Dashes should not be overused. For instance, you would render a character named Mr. A hyphen (-) is a punctuation mark used to connect two or more words (or parts of words) to show that they form one unit of sense—e. There is a space before the first period and after the last period. It depends on one thing: trust. In HTML, XHTML, or XML, you can use a character escape to represent any Unicode character using only ASCII letters. A Hebrew period in a traditional serif face usually looks like a tiny tilted square (a diamond; ). In the image below (1) is a hyphen, (2) is an en dash and (3) is the em dash. 91 Em dashes in lieu of quotation marks; 6. If you need to indicate that someone pauses in speech, say "John paused". Many programs also automatically create an em dash when you type two single hyphens together. The correct use of dialogue tags. In particular, do not use the colon-dash (:—) to introduce a quotation or a list. Resume the dialogue with another opening quotation mark, complete the dialogue, and end with a period and a closing quotation mark. The dash ( — ), also called the em dash, is the long horizontal bar, much longer than a hyphen. The em dash, on the other hand, is a colorful punctuation mark — it can be used to make a strong point! The comma is great for describing, listing, and linking clauses, but it is easy for commas. The em dash, also known as the mutton dash or em rule, refers to the em. In this century, the shorter one is preferred in all main varieties of English. The exclamation point is a mark of terminal punctuation. Nevertheless, you will have to use. Period, question mark, exclamation mark, comma. Em dashes for interruptions: Use em dashes when you are interrupting the main idea of a sentence. Hyphens might look like dashes, but they aren’t dashes. Alternatively, pairs of em dashes are used to mark off additionalMy question is the same as keymap swap underscore and dash, but for Windows instead of Linux. The em dash is used when an idea is being interrupted, when clarification is needed, when elaboration is needed, or when items are being listed in a sentence. Examples: James opened the door and was surprised to see her. Type this sign on Mac, press and hold the Command (⌘) key and the hit the M key. The em dash is a versatile mark used to define, explain, and insert material. I have the same issue in my asp. They are named en dashes but they are as wide as the letter N. As shown above, em dashes are often left unspaced when used in this way. 7. The en dash is used to represent a span or range of numbers, dates, or time. HTML Escape Characters. 88 Em dashes with “that is,” “namely,” “for example,” and similar expressions; 6. figure dash – 8211: 2013 – en dash — 8212: 2014 — em dash ― 8213: 2015 : horizontal bar ‖ 8214: 2016 : double vertical line ‗ 8215: 2017 : double low line ‘ 8216: 2018 ‘ left single quotation mark ’ 8217: 2019 ’ right single quotation mark ‚ 8218: 201a ‚ single low-9 quotation mark ‛ 8219: 201b. What Are Dashes? – or — There are two types of dashes: en dashes and em dashes. It gets its name from its size which is the. Esempi: When the course finally started — nearly two months after it was organized — the student could not attend. To turn smart punctuation off, all you have to do is go to Settings > General > Keyboard, and then turn off the "Smart Punctuation" toggle. Use an em dash (a symbol that is longer than a hyphen) when the speaker stops speaking on their own or is interrupted. Do not combine the dash with any mark of punctuation other than quotation marks, the question mark, the exclamation mark and occasionally the period. This is a common editing mark and has several uses, but its primary purpose is to separate clauses and huge parts of the sentence. 2. To type an en dash, press Option + hyphen (-) To type an em dash on keyboard, press Shift + Option + hyphen (-) The only problem is that to use. The main reason to use an em dash is to set off an explanation or an abrupt change in thought. The en dash is shorter than an em dash but longer than a hyphen. (Note that AP style does not use en-dashes. 4. 2)”Are you OK?” is a direct question. The shift from em dash to en dash reflects contemporary writing practice and the new focus on digital content. Another way to create them is to press and hold Alt and type 0151 on a Windows device or select Option, Shift, and the hyphen key ( ‐) on a Mac. While the ellipsis and the dash both represent breaks in text, the dash—or more precisely, the em dash —represents an abrupt interruption. The punctuation mark should not be confused with dashes (–, —), which are. An em dash derives its name from being the approximate width of a capital M. Em Dash (—) Indicate an interruption or an abrupt changeAnywhere formal typography appears, an en dash might pop up. Intuition is important to survival: studies show that instinct can beat analytical thinking in a crisis. If you want to make your writing easier to read and generally look more professional, you should know what. Em dashes are rarely found in formal texts. En & Em Dashes While sometimes used in other styles to indicate a range of time, AP Style does not use en dashes. Insert em Dash. In Unicode, the em dash is U+2014 (decimal 8212). ”. When the dash is used, the change in the thought or sentence structure should be evident and distinct. Clark went to the Miami Heat – Boston Celtics game. A hyphen (-) is shorter still. To properly use the em dash, spaces should not be placed around it unless the text is being italicized. Exclamation point. Use the en dash ("short dash") to join inclusive numbers:. There is nothing wrong — informally at least — with using a dash after a question. ”. In English writing, quotation marks or inverted commas, also known informally as quotes, talking marks, speech marks, quote marks, quotemarks or speechmarks, are punctuation marks placed on either side of a word or phrase in order to identify it as a quotation, direct speech or a literal title or name. ) The question mark can be used to indicate editorial uncertainty, either in parentheses or in brackets. [Emphasis mine. Punctuation marks, like words and paragraph breaks, are tools. Thus, an em dash in 9-point type is as long as the height of a. Examples of when to use an en dash include the following: pages 10–25. Comments. An em dash is a punctuation mark used in writing to denote a break or pause. If you guessed that it’s as wide as the letter “M,” you get a gold star. For your example: “Well, I thought you—” He stopped himself. 8. The en-dash is commonly used to show range as in dates (e. A dash is a punctuation mark that resembles a hyphen, but longer. This appears when you move the pointer over the corrected hyphen. That should explain it. Em Dashes The em dash is the longest line among these marks of punctuation (—). The hyphen (-) should be used in compound names and words as follows: In phrasal adjectives, which follow “three basic rules: (1) Generally, if it is placed before a noun, you should. CORRECT: The score right now is 3–1. Always follow the punctuation rules in formal writing to make your work clearer and more readable. Imagine someone saying the line, rather than it being inner monologue. Question mark! Exclamation point, Comma; Semicolon: Colon-Hyphen – En dash — Em dash. There are actually two different kinds of dashes. It has two main functions. Intuition is important to survival: studies show that instinct can beat analytical thinking in a crisis. Between independent clauses linked by a transitional expression. . These two types of dashes serve different purposes: The EN dash, the shorter of the two dashes, is used to mark ranges. The verdict was unanimous — guilty. 3. g. Insert an em or en dash using Alt and keyboard shortcuts. SQL*Plus inherits character set from. At a fundamental level, an Em dash is used to create a strong break in the structure of a sentence. Example: She gave him her answer—No! Exclamation Mark (!) An exclamation mark is used to show emphasis. 2. In fiction, the em dash almost always appears with no spaces around it. Semicolons separate two independent clauses. The Manual of Style explains the differences between the hyphen and four types of dashes. To properly use the em dash, spaces should not be placed around it unless the text is being italicized. 1)”Can we go to the cinema?” she asked. An em dash (—) is the longest of the three dashes and can be used to set off a break in the sentence, as well as add emphasis. He worked in his office-cum-dining room. Share. However, some style guides, such as the Associated Press. ” Stutters, Stammers, and Pauses. However, despite its flexibility, it can only be used. The dash can also be used to represent a pause, but a more. As noted, MS Word and other word processors substitute an em dash for two hyphens, whereas TeX uses three hyphens. Depending on the context, the em dash can take the place of commas, parentheses, or colons—in each case to slightly different effect. 6 Dash [UEB §7. Look at my use of em dashes in this post, aside from the previous sentence. Depending on the context, the em dash can take the place of commas, parentheses, or colons —in each case to slightly different effect. How to create en dashes and em dashes. 89: "In modern usage, a question mark or an exclamation point—but never a comma, a colon, or a semicolon—may. (I usually just replace all curly single quotes with ' and all curly. Below are lines of five each of em dashes, en dashes, minuses, and hyphens, all separated by a normal space. FWIW, my product_codes that have a dash show as a dash (hex 2D). As an outcome those characters are generated in the excel as shown below, which contains a kind of question mark. For example, one em in an 18-point typeface equals. An em dash (—), the longest “dash,” is used as a substitute for a comma, colon, semi-colon, or parentheses and emphasizes information. Who doesn’t like dashes as emphasis techniques? Just consider the following guidelines: • Note that em-dashes are more emphatic than commas. As a reminder, scare quotes are used to show when a phrase is being used in an ironic or nonstandard way—or perhaps it’s not a. Capitalize only the following words: the first word of the title or heading. The following list shows some of the most. ”Command for an Em dash on a mac : Shift-Option-Hyphen; Command for an Em dash on Microsoft Word : Alt + Ctrl + (minus) Em dash in HTML : — or — En Dash. One to look out for: the colon. To create an em-dash on a Windows computer, hold down the [Alt] key and type 0151 on the numeric keypad. The common editing choice, again supported by Chicago (6. 2. Parentheses diminish the importance of a phrase, while dashes enhance it. It's difficult for me to judge the tone of the sentence examples you used, so I can't give a specific suggestion. Don’t use end quotes between paragraphs of speech. The en dash is less well known than. While closely related to other dashes—like the en dash (–) and hyphen (-)—the em dash serves a unique role in typography. This is also true for the dot part of the question mark, and exclamation mark. (Other things can do that too, but we’ll get to those in a bit. I am thinking the product_code value may actually contain an -en-dash- or an -em-dash- or something other than 0x2D that is getting displayed correctly (somehow) with the combination of CubeCart, PHP, the web server and the web browser. ” But the width of the two dashes isn’t the only thing that separates the two. When typing, a hyphen looks like this: (-). If you format it properly—like this—it counts the words on both sides of the dash as just one word. The em dash, or long dash, is the only punctuation mark on a keyboard that. The ellipsis suggests that Isaac cannot concentrate. To insert an em dash in MS Word, you must: Type a word (don’t put a space after it) Type two hyphens. Hold down the Alt key, press 0 1 5 0 on the numeric pad, and then release the Alt key. hphen – en dash – em dash — 2-em dash —— 3-em dash ———. AP refers to these simply as dashes and requires a space on either side. If your keyboard can't produce a dash, you will have to resort to a hyphen as a stand-in. Usage: The em dash is used to indicate interruptions, emphasize elements, set off appositives, replace colons or semicolons, or create breaks in sentence flow. 92 Em dashes in lists, indexes, and tables;. When injecting a descriptive clause into a sentence, you are free to use em dashes, commas, or parentheses. Dashes create urgency. In all uses of the en dash, you should be able to substitute the word “to” or “through” for the dash. This is giving me writer's block and the paper is due tomorrow. , the India–Pakistan issue) To extend sentences just like colons, semicolons, and three dots (e. Fiber in the U. When a pair of em dashes sets off material ending with an exclamation point or a question mark, the mark is placed inside the dashes. EM-DASH (–) – with this punctuation mark, you can introduce an explanation or specification, make a break in thought, or separate two parts of the sentence. Here’s a trick to help you remember which is which. In informal writing, feet and inches are sometimes expressed as, for example, 5′ 10″ (read: five feet and ten inches). When it displays it in the application, the dash turns into a question mark !?!?!? I then have an Export button, which writes these back to a textfile. Follow the end quotation mark with an em dash and the action or thought and then another em dash. When a colon and a comma. 8. This type of dash is usually used to omit a person's name or. Alternatively, pairs of em dashes are used to mark off additionalAn en-dash is also used in numerical series as in from ten–twenty pieces. When. Few keyboards have a dash, but a word processor can usually produce one in one way or another. Em dashes join onto the words before and after—like this. Workaround. Press the Spacebar. Other times, the comma separates grammatical components of the sentence. It shows continuity between numbers and indicates that a multiword term is part of a compound adjective: “The conference runs January 2–3”; “The Pulitzer Prize–winning journalists were applauded. Our Rule 1 of Spacing with Punctuation states, “With a computer, use only one space following periods, commas, semicolons, colons, exclamation points, question marks, and quotation marks. It’s equal to the specific point size in any given typeface. The change in the second description of the clock's sounds emphasizes Isaac's unease. To format an em dash in Word, type two hyphens, with no spaces, between the words—the dash will automatically form as you continue typing. It is used in place of ‘to’ or ‘through’. Most likely it's an en dash or em dash rather than a real hyphen or minus symbol. I also tried powertoys keyboard manager Remap Shortcut, but it. Note: An en dash is slightly longer than a hyphen. An em-dash is used to show a break in thought—not in velocity—within a sentence (for not the greatest example). g. No comma is implied. But in that case the dash is supposed to be the length of the omitted word, not just a mere em-dash. Ellipsis, dash, and colon. To be effective, the exclamation point should be used in moderation. @Kenny LJ, please remember there are no absolute rules about the use of any kind of dash as opposed to others… so em-dashes matter here only in the guidelines specified by your house style-book. “Wait!” she shouted. dashes Use a true em dash inserted from the symbol menu (not one or two hyphens), and use spaces around dashes (“Jo — a Washingtonian — hates rain”). Use a question mark after a direct question. “Yes, you did!”. Depending on the context, the en dash is read as “to” or “through. It’s not interchangeable with other types of dashes. Both spellings are many centuries old, and neither spelling was clearly prevalent on either side of the Atlantic until the second half of the 18th century. “What are you talking about—wait, Johnny said it was Maria!”. 1 Answer. The em dash symbol is a single, longer horizontal line — that should not be confused for an en dash - or a hyphen. Two hyphens typed together form a dash: (--). En Dash vs. The em dashes are used here to indicate that the information within them is rather shocking. The web's most comprehensive guide to American punctuation. No commas following the em dashes. Although these punctuation marks look similar at a glance, they are actually distinct punctuation marks with specific intended uses and with distinct unicode character values. Enter the replacement character in the Replace with text box (see figure 5). It is longer than a hyphen (-) or an en dash (–). American usage puts the month first, followed by the day, and then the year. Yes, the em dash is used in formal writing. For windows, you can hold down the ‘Alt’ and ‘-‘ key and you will get an en dash. —respondió Carlos. Em dashes are most often used in pairs to call a reader’s attention to the material they set off, making words, phrases, or clauses particularly dramatic or emotional. Em dashes can be used in the following ways: 1. They are usually used in two different ways. […] All water from the streams; dead birds were found In wells a hundred feet below the ground Such was the season when the flower bloomed. An em dash is a versatile punctuation mark that looks like an extended dash. 1月—7月 "January to July", which can also be written 1月到7月, with the character 到 in place of the dash). pages 11–23.